Angular 7/8 HttpClient Interceptors: Mocking HTTP Requests Example

In this tutorial, we'll learn by example to use Angular HttpClient Interceptors to mock a http requests in your Angular 8 app. This way you can develop your Angular 8 app even before a back-end is ready.

Using an Angular HTTP Interceptor

Angular interceptors have many use cases such as error logging and caching, but in our example we'll use an interceptor to mock HTTP calls which will allow us to start working on our frontend project even before the backend is ready! This is also useful for unit testing.

We'll implement a MockHttpCalIInterceptor that intercepts http calls in our app and return hardcoded JSON data loaded with imports;

Step 1 - Preparing your Angular Project
Step 2 - Setting up Angular HttpClient
Step 3 - Creating the Angular Interceptor
Step 4 - Registering the HTTP Interceptor
Step 5 - Configuring TypeScript to Import Local JSON files
Step 6 - Intercepting URLs and Returning Mocked JSON Data
Step 7 - Testing your HTTP Interceptor

Step 1 - Preparing your Angular Project

You should by now have an Angular project ready.

Step 2 - Setting up Angular HttpClient

Next, you need to set up HttpClient in your project. Open the src/app/app.module.ts file:

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';

import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';


@NgModule({
  declarations: [
    AppComponent
  ],
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    AppRoutingModule,
    HttpClientModule
  ],
  providers: [],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

Step 3 - Creating the Angular Interceptor

After configuring Angular HttpClient, you need to create the interceptor. Inside the src/app folder of your project, create an http.interceptor.ts and add the following code:

import { Injectable, Injector } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpEvent, HttpHandler, HttpInterceptor, HttpRequest, HttpResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';


@Injectable()
export class MockHttpCalIInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
    constructor(private injector: Injector) {}

    intercept(request: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {        
        console.log('Intercepted request' + request.url);
        return next.handle(request);
    }
}

Step 4 - Registering the HTTP Interceptor

Next, you need to register the interceptor so Angular can recognize it. Open the src/app/app.module.ts file

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';

import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';

import { HttpClientModule, HTTP_INTERCEPTORS } from '@angular/common/http';

import { MockHttpCalIInterceptor } from './http.interceptor';


```ts
@NgModule({
  declarations: [
    AppComponent
  ],
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    AppRoutingModule,
    HttpClientModule
  ],
  providers: [{
    provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
    useClass: MockHttpCalIInterceptor,
    multi: true
  }],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

Step 5 - Configuring TypeScript to Import Local JSON files

Open the tsconfig.json file and add the "resolveJsonModule": true option under the compilerOptions key:

{
  "compileOnSave": false,
  "compilerOptions": {
    ...
    "resolveJsonModule": true,
    ...
}

Now, you can use TypeScript import statement to import JSON files in your Angular project.

Step 6 - Intercepting URLs and Returning Mocked JSON Data

Now, let's modify our HTTP interceptor to only intercept the http://localhost:3000/products URL and return some data from a local JSON file.

First, create a data.json file inside your src/app folder and add mocked data:

[
    {
        "id": 1,
        "name": "Licensed Frozen Hat",
        "description": "Incidunt et magni est ut.",
        "price": "170.00",
        "imageUrl": "https://source.unsplash.com/1600x900/?product",
        "quantity": 56840
    },
    {
        "id": 2,
        "name": "Rustic Concrete Chicken",
        "description": "Sint libero mollitia.",
        "price": "302.00",
        "imageUrl": "https://source.unsplash.com/1600x900/?product",
        "quantity": 9358
    },
    {
        "id": 3,
        "name": "Fantastic Metal Computer",
        "description": "In consequuntur cupiditate et unde minus.",
        "price": "279.00",
        "imageUrl": "https://source.unsplash.com/1600x900/?product",
        "quantity": 90316
    }
]


Next, you need to import this JSON file inside the interceptor file and return it as an `HttpResponse`:

```ts
import { Injectable, Injector } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpEvent, HttpHandler, HttpInterceptor, HttpRequest, HttpResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable, of } from 'rxjs';
import * as data from './data.json';

const PRODUCTS_URL = "http://localhost:3000/products";

@Injectable()
export class MockHttpCalIInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
    constructor(private injector: Injector) {}

    intercept(request: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {        
        console.log('Intercepted request: ' + request.url);
        if (request.url === PRODUCTS_URL) {
            console.log('Loaded from JSON: ' + request.url);
            return of(new HttpResponse({ status: 200, body: ((data) as any).default }));
        }
        return next.handle(request);

    }
}

Step 7 - Testing your Angular Interceptor

Now, let's test this HTTP interceptor, we simpy need to send a request to the http://localhost:3000/products and see if we receive our JSON data:

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from "@angular/common/http";

const PRODUCTS_URL = "http://localhost:3000/products";

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
  title = 'Angular Example';

  constructor(private httpClient: HttpClient){}
  ngOnInit(){
    this.httpClient.get(PRODUCTS_URL).subscribe((data)=>{
      console.log(data);
    })
  }
}

This is a screenshot of the browser console after running our Angular application:

Author: Ahmed Bouchefra Follow @ahmedbouchefra
Date: 20 Oct 2019

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